Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis

John T Sanders1, Robert J Wyatt

  • 1Children's Foundation Research Center at Le Bonheur Children's Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|March 12, 2008
PubMed

Insights

IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis are kidney diseases in children. Research shows galactose-deficient IgA1 may aid diagnosis, and ACE inhibitors can reduce proteinuria.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Glomerular Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) are common pediatric glomerular disorders.
  • These conditions can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  • Understanding their pathogenesis is crucial for diagnosis and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenesis of IgAN and HSPN.
  • To discuss the development of diagnostic tests and prognostic markers.
  • To present data on long-term outcomes and treatment efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on IgAN and HSPN pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of studies on diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
  • Evaluation of data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Defective galactosylation of O-linked glycans in IgA1 is implicated in IgAN and HSPN pathogenesis.
  • Galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) in serum shows potential as a diagnostic tool.
  • Proteomic techniques offer promise for developing diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
  • RCTs did not support immunosuppressants for pediatric IgAN/HSPN, but ACE inhibitors are indicated for proteinuria reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood IgAN and HSPN carry risks of significant morbidity in childhood and adulthood.
  • Future clinical tests will enable noninvasive diagnosis and treatment response monitoring.
  • Identifying high-risk individuals is key for preventing progression to ESRD.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin07:38

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin

Published on: May 6, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...