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Related Concept Videos

Electrical Synapses01:28

Electrical Synapses

Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
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Neural Circuits

Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
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Circuit Terminology01:14

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An electrical network is a system composed of interconnected elements, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and voltage or current sources. Unlike a circuit, an electrical network does not necessarily form a closed path. In other words, while all circuits can be considered networks due to their interconnected nature, not every network qualifies as a circuit.
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Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
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The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
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Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...

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Clonetics.

Virendra S Gomase1, Somnath Tagore, Smruti S Changbhale

  • 1Department of Bioinformatics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Padmashree Dr. D.Y. Patil University, Plot No-50, Sector-15, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India. virusgene1@yahoo.co.in

Current Drug Metabolism
|March 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human immortalized cell lines, or Clonetics, accelerate drug discovery and development, particularly for metabolic diseases. These cell lines are valuable tools for medical treatments and research, though they pose biohazard risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Cell Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Human immortalized cell lines (HICLs) are distinct from primary cells cultured directly from subjects.
  • While not classified as human subject research, HICLs present biohazard considerations.
  • Approximately 80% of human cell lines are established as expected.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the utility of Clonetics (Human Immortalized Cell Lines) in accelerating pharmaceutical research.
  • To emphasize the potential contribution of HICLs to the development of treatments for metabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Clonetics, a term for Human Immortalized Cell Lines.
  • Application of HICLs in the drug discovery and development pipeline.

Main Results:

  • Clonetics significantly expedite the drug discovery and development process.
  • HICLs show promise for advancing treatments in metabolic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Human Immortalized Cell Lines are effective tools for accelerating drug development.
  • HICLs are applicable to a range of medical treatments, particularly for metabolic disorders.