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Updated: Jul 6, 2026
Identification of OTX1 and OTX2 As Two Possible Molecular Markers for Sinonasal Carcinomas and Olfactory Neuroblastomas
Published on: February 28, 2019
Olfactory neuroblastoma: long-term clinical outcome at a single institute between 1979 and 2003
Kazunari Nakao1, Kenta Watanabe, Yoshinori Fujishiro
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. knakao-tky@umin.ac.jp
Conclusions:
The progression of olfactory neuroblastoma showed a biphasic pattern. As well as Hyams' histopathological grading and neck metastasis at presentation, early phase recurrence should be regarded as an important prognosticator. A high local failure rate suggests that craniofacial resection followed by postoperative radiotherapy should still be the standard treatment for olfactory neuroblastoma.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate factors associated with survival and local control of olfactory neuroblastoma in the long run and to estimate treatment strategies.
Patients And Methods:
Twelve patients (seven men and five women) who had undergone initial curative treatment for olfactory neuroblastoma were retrospectively analyzed.
Results:
Cause-specific 10-year survival was 64.8%, while disease-free 10-year survival remained 28.6%. Local failure was found in half of the patients. All of the three patients who did not receive radiotherapy developed local failure. A biphasic pattern of recurrence was observed. The early phase recurrence group showed a significantly poorer survival than the late phase recurrence group. Hyams' histopathological grading and neck metastasis at presentation were also correlated with survival.
