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Refined Murine Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Published on: June 17, 2025
Multinodular pulmonary fibrosis in five horses
David M Wong1, Rodney L Belgrave, Kurt J Williams
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|March 18, 2008
Summary
Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis (EMPF) is a lung disease in horses caused by Equine herpesvirus type 5. Diagnosis involves characteristic lung findings, and treatment outcomes vary.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Equine Respiratory Disease
- Virology
Background:
- Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis (EMPF) is an emerging respiratory condition in horses.
- The etiology of EMPF has been historically unclear, with various factors proposed.
Observation:
- Five horses presented with anorexia, weight loss, fever, cough, and respiratory distress.
- Clinical signs included tachycardia, tachypnea, lethargy, and nasal discharge.
- Radiography and ultrasonography revealed a severe nodular interstitial pattern in the lungs.
Findings:
- Histopathology showed interstitial expansion, inflammatory cell accumulation, and intranuclear inclusion bodies.
- Equine herpesvirus type 5 (EHV-5) was detected in all affected horses via PCR.
- EMPF was diagnosed based on clinical, imaging, and histopathological findings.
Implications:
- EMPF should be considered in adult horses with interstitial pneumonia.
- Characteristic radiographic, ultrasonographic, and histopathologic findings support suspicion of EMPF.
- EHV-5 is strongly associated with EMPF, potentially acting as an etiologic agent or cofactor.
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