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Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics
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Tunable extended-cavity diode laser stabilized on iodine at lambda = 633 nm.

J Lazar1, O Cíp, P Jedlicka

  • 1Institute of Scientific Instruments, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Královopolská 147, 612 64 Brno, Czech Republic. joe@isibrno.cz

Applied Optics
|March 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A new tunable extended-cavity semiconductor laser offers high frequency stability. This laser system, stabilized to iodine (I2) transitions, achieved a relative stability of 4 x 10(-12).

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Laser Physics and Technology

Background:

  • Frequency stabilization of lasers is crucial for precision measurements.
  • Semiconductor lasers offer advantages in tunability and compactness.
  • Iodine (I2) transitions provide well-defined frequency references.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a tunable extended-cavity semiconductor laser.
  • To achieve frequency stabilization of the semiconductor laser to hyperfine transitions in iodine (I2).
  • To compare the stability of the developed laser with a reference He-Ne-I2 laser system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Littman configuration for the extended-cavity semiconductor laser.
  • Frequency stabilization was performed using Doppler-free hyperfine transitions in I2.
  • Beat frequency counting was employed to compare the semiconductor laser with a He-Ne-I2 reference laser.
  • Mode-hop-free tuning was demonstrated over a specific frequency range.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a relative frequency stability of 4 x 10(-12) over a 100-s integration time.
  • The semiconductor laser was locked to components of the P(33) 6-3 I2 transition.
  • Demonstrated mode-hop-free tuning across multiple overlapping I2 transitions (R(60) 8-4, R(125) 9-4, P(54) 8-4).
  • Observed a higher signal-to-noise ratio for the group of overlapping transitions compared to the P(33) 6-3 transition.

Conclusions:

  • The tunable extended-cavity semiconductor laser, stabilized to I2 hyperfine transitions, demonstrates high frequency stability.
  • The Littman configuration enables robust mode-hop-free tuning and high signal-to-noise ratios.
  • This laser system presents a promising alternative to traditional reference lasers for precision spectroscopy.