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Published on: September 11, 2018
Neurohumoral changes in chronic heart failure
Lenka Spinarova1, Jiri Vitovec
11st Internal Cardioangiologic Department, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. lenka.spinarova@fnusa.cz
Summary
Neurohumoral systems significantly impact chronic heart failure (CHF) development. Understanding these systems, including the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and cytokines, aids in CHF diagnostics, treatment, and prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Immunology
Background:
- Humoral systems are integral to the pathophysiology of chronic heart failure (CHF).
- Understanding neurohumoral activation is crucial for managing heart failure.
- Risk factors for CHF development are closely linked to humoral system activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review neurohumoral activation in heart failure.
- To assess the risk associated with neurohumoral activation in CHF development.
Main Methods:
- Literature search on neurohumoral activation in heart failure.
- Analysis of risk factors for CHF development related to humoral systems.
Main Results:
- Neurohumoral factors include vasoconstrictive (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathoadrenal system) and vasodilative systems, plus cytokines (TNF-alpha, interleukins).
- These systems are interconnected, influencing each other's secretion and activity.
- Humoral factors affect remodelling, endothelial function, blood cells, cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, immunity, and inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Neurohumoral factors play a multifaceted role in CHF beyond vasoactivity.
- Detection and assessment depend on organismal kinetics and metabolite activity.
- Recent advancements enable the clinical use of humoral factor knowledge in CHF diagnostics, treatment, and prognosis.
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