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Related Concept Videos

Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
10:52

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

Primary multifocal osseous Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Clare R Langley1, Simon J W Garrett, Jill Urand

  • 1Orthopaedic Department, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Foundation Trust, Aldermaston Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG24 9NA, UK. clarelangley@hotmail.com

World Journal of Surgical Oncology
|March 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This case study reports the youngest known child diagnosed with Primary Multifocal Osseous Hodgkin's Lymphoma. The rare bone cancer mimicked other conditions, highlighting diagnostic challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Skeletal Oncology

Background:

  • Hodgkin's disease (HD) typically presents as painless lymph node enlargement, with systemic symptoms and bone involvement being uncommon at diagnosis.
  • Primary osseous involvement in pediatric Hodgkin's disease is exceptionally rare.
  • Early diagnosis of HD is crucial for effective treatment outcomes.

Observation:

  • A seven-year-old boy presented with sternal swelling, a rare initial symptom of Hodgkin's disease.
  • Investigations revealed multifocal osseous deposits in the L1 vertebra, left sacroiliac joint, and right acetabulum.
  • The patient's presentation was atypical for pediatric Hodgkin's disease.

Findings:

  • The case represents Primary Multifocal Osseous Hodgkin's Lymphoma in a pediatric patient.
  • Diagnostic imaging and histology confirmed bone involvement as the primary manifestation.
  • The patient's age makes this the youngest reported case of this condition.

Implications:

  • The varied presentation of osseous Hodgkin's lymphoma can mimic other conditions like Tuberculosis, complicating diagnosis.
  • Increased awareness of rare presentations is vital for timely and accurate diagnosis in pediatric oncology.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses in pediatric patients with bone lesions.