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Related Concept Videos

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
10:39

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Published on: October 11, 2016

Four-level phase grating generated by combination of two binary gratings through coherent imaging.

A Magnusson, S Hård

    Applied Optics
    |March 21, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers created a four-level grating to direct light power into the +1 diffraction order. This method achieved 54% power in the +1 order and suppressed unwanted -1 order power to just 2%.

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    Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

    Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Diffraction Gratings
    • Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • Diffraction gratings are crucial optical components for manipulating light.
    • Achieving high efficiency in specific diffraction orders is a key challenge.
    • Binary-phase and phase gratings offer distinct light-steering properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To maximize light power in the +1 diffraction order.
    • To minimize light power in the -1 diffraction order.
    • To develop an effective four-level grating structure.

    Main Methods:

    • Coherent imaging of a 180-degree binary-phase grating onto a 90-degree phase grating.
    • Ensuring precise matching of grating periods.
    • Experimental measurement of power distribution in diffraction orders.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully generated an effective four-level grating.
    • Achieved a measured power fraction of 54% in the +1 diffraction order.
    • Suppressed the power in the -1 diffraction order to 2%.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method effectively steers incident light power into the desired +1 order.
    • Coherent imaging of phase gratings offers a viable route to high-efficiency diffractive optics.
    • This technique has potential applications in optical systems requiring precise light control.