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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China
Published on: February 11, 2022
Quadruple valve surgery in carcinoid heart disease
Javier G Castillo1, Farzan Filsoufi, Parwis B Rahmanian
1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York 10029-1028, USA.
Abstract:
We describe a 42-year-old male with primary carcinoid tumor of the ileum, secondary liver metastases, and subsequent severe carcinoid heart disease with quadruple valve involvement. The patient underwent tricuspid and pulmonic bioprosthetic valve replacement, mitral and aortic valve reconstruction. Transthoracic echocardiography at 25 months showed competent mitral and aortic valves with only mild regurgitation. Valve reconstruction is rarely performed in patients with carcinoid heart disease. However, in selected cases it is a valuable alternative technique with good mid-term outcome.
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