Mini-implant temporary anchorage devices: orthodontic applications

Skeletal anchorage, the concept of using the skeleton to control tooth movement, has been reported in the orthodontic literature since the early 1980s. Various forms of skeletal anchorage, including miniscrews, mini-plates, and intentionally ankylosed teeth have been reported in the literature. Recently, great emphasis has been placed on the miniscrew type of temporary anchorage device (TAD). These devices are small, are implanted with a relatively simple surgical procedure, and increase the potential for better orthodontic results. This article will present the indications of these devices along with clinical cases, discuss some of the common complications associated with these devices, and describe the placement and removal procedures for self-drilling TADs.