Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance01:20

Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance

Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.
One common type of conflict is the Approach–Approach Conflict. In this case, a person faces two desirable options,...
Robbers Cave04:49

Robbers Cave

During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension could be...
Relationship Growth01:27

Relationship Growth

Interpersonal relationships progress through stages, beginning with awareness and moving toward mutuality, where emotional connections deepen. While many relationships remain at moderate levels of mutuality, deeper connections form through self-disclosure, trust, and interdependence.Self-DisclosureSelf-disclosure involves revealing personal information, starting with surface-level details and gradually progressing to more intimate content. As trust grows, individuals feel more comfortable...
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the anxiety of...
Factors Influencing Attraction III: Similarity01:23

Factors Influencing Attraction III: Similarity

The similarity hypothesis suggests that individuals are more likely to form relationships with others who share similar attitudes, beliefs, values, and interests. This concept has been widely studied in social psychology, demonstrating that perceived similarity fosters interpersonal attraction. In an experiment supporting this hypothesis, participants were presented with fabricated information indicating that strangers held attitudes similar to their own. The results showed that participants...
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Goal support as a central force in human connection.

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2026
Same author

Learning from failure is like learning from unsolicited advice.

Current opinion in psychology·2025
Same author

Reply to "A Tendency to Answer Consistently Can Generate Apparent Failures to Learn From Failure".

Psychological science·2025
Same author

Adherence to Personal Resolutions Across Time, Culture, and Goal Domains.

Psychological science·2025
Same author

Goal harmony.

Journal of personality and social psychology·2025
Same author

The misalignment of incentives in academic publishing and implications for journal reform.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

Together or apart: when goals and temptations complement versus compete.

Ayelet Fishbach1, Ying Zhang

  • 1Graduate School of Business, Univesity of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. ayelet.fishbach@chicagogsb.edu

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|March 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Self-regulation strategies are influenced by how goal and temptation items are presented. Unified choice sets favoring temptations, while separate sets favor goals, impacting choices.

More Related Videos

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry
14:34

How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry

Published on: November 10, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry
14:34

How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry

Published on: November 10, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Decision-Making Research

Background:

  • Self-regulation involves managing impulses and aligning behavior with long-term goals.
  • The interplay between goal-directed actions and immediate temptations is a key area in behavioral science.
  • Understanding how contextual presentation affects choices is crucial for behavioral interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of item presentation (unified vs. separate choice sets) on self-regulation dynamics.
  • To examine how this presentation influences the evaluation and selection of goal-related versus temptation-related items.
  • To explore the psychological mechanisms underlying context-dependent preferences.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were presented with choice sets containing items related to goals (e.g., academic activities) and temptations (e.g., leisure activities).
  • Items were systematically varied in their presentation: either grouped in a single unified choice set or separated into distinct choice sets.
  • Evaluations and choices regarding goal and temptation items were recorded under each presentation condition.

Main Results:

  • When goal and temptation items were presented together in a unified choice set, participants showed a positive evaluation and preference for tempting items.
  • Conversely, when items were presented separately in competing choice sets, participants exhibited a positive evaluation and preference for goal items.
  • The findings indicate that the structure of choice architecture significantly alters the balance between self-control and immediate gratification.

Conclusions:

  • The way choices are presented profoundly impacts self-regulation and decision-making.
  • Unified choice sets can inadvertently promote indulgence, whereas separated sets can support goal adherence.
  • These findings have implications for designing environments and choice architectures that promote desired behaviors.