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[Aging and hemispheric cerebral lateralization].

Caroline Hommet1, Christophe Destrieux, Thierry Constans

  • 1Centre Mémoire Ressource Recherche (CMRR) de la Région Centre et Médecine Interne Gériatrique, Hôpital Bretonneau et Université Rabelais, Tours, France. hommet@med.univ-tours.fr

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement
|March 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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Language processing shows a left-hemisphere advantage in children. In older adults, brain imaging suggests reduced lateralization, possibly due to aging or compensatory plasticity, impacting cognitive decline understanding.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Context:

  • Cerebral hemispheric lateralization, particularly for language, is a long-standing concept.
  • Evidence suggests a left-hemisphere predisposition for language in children, which may strengthen with age.
  • Changes in lateralization patterns have been observed in the elderly.

Purpose:

  • To review and discuss two proposed models explaining age-related changes in cerebral lateralization: the right hemi-aging model and the age-related asymmetry reduction model.
  • To examine the significance and interpretation of age-related asymmetry reduction in brain activation.
  • To explore the implications of these findings for understanding cognitive decline and brain plasticity in aging.

Summary:

  • Behavioral studies support the right hemi-aging model, while brain imaging studies document the age-related asymmetry reduction model.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The observed reduction in lateralization in older adults may indicate dedifferentiation, suggesting difficulties in recruiting specialized neural mechanisms.
  • Alternatively, age-related asymmetry reduction could reflect compensatory mechanisms and the plasticity of the aging brain.

    • Impact:

    • Findings contribute to understanding the neurophysiological underpinnings of cognitive aging.
    • Provides insights into the potential for rehabilitation and maintaining cognitive function in older adults.
    • Highlights the complex interplay between aging, neural plasticity, and cognitive processes.