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Venous thrombosis in children with solid tumors

Amalia Schiavetti1, Micaela Foco, Annapaola Ingrosso

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University La Sapienza, Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy. amalia.schiavetti@uniroma1.it

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|April 1, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Venous thrombosis (VT) affects 12% of children with solid tumors, often linked to neuroblastoma and longer catheter use. Early detection through ultrasonography is crucial for managing this complication.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The prevalence and risk factors for venous thrombosis (VT) in pediatric patients with solid tumors remain incompletely understood.
  • Central venous lines are common in these patients, potentially increasing the risk of thrombosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic catheter-associated thrombosis events in children with solid tumors.
  • To identify potential risk factors associated with VT in this pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study enrolled 42 pediatric patients with solid tumors and central venous lines.
  • Evaluations included physical examination, D-dimer serum tests, and eco-color-Doppler ultrasonography before catheter removal.
  • Data were collected over a 10-month period.

Main Results:

  • Venous thrombosis (VT) was detected in 12% (5/42) of the pediatric patients.
  • Catheter-related VT occurred in 4 patients (3 asymptomatic, 1 symptomatic); one patient had non-catheter-related symptomatic VT.
  • Longer central venous catheter duration (P=0.05) and neuroblastoma diagnosis (P<0.05) were associated with a higher VT rate.

Conclusions:

  • Venous thrombosis (VT) is a significant complication in children with solid tumors, detected in 12% of cases via ultrasonography, with 7% being asymptomatic.
  • Neuroblastoma and prolonged catheterization emerged as key risk factors in this cohort.
  • Further prospective, multicentric studies are necessary to definitively establish VT risk factors in pediatric solid tumor patients.
Abstract

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