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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...

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Venous Thrombosis Assay in a Mouse Model of Cancer
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Venous thrombosis in children with solid tumors.

Amalia Schiavetti1, Micaela Foco, Annapaola Ingrosso

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University La Sapienza, Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy. amalia.schiavetti@uniroma1.it

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|April 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Venous thrombosis (VT) affects 12% of children with solid tumors, often linked to neuroblastoma and longer catheter use. Early detection through ultrasonography is crucial for managing this complication.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The prevalence and risk factors for venous thrombosis (VT) in pediatric patients with solid tumors remain incompletely understood.
  • Central venous lines are common in these patients, potentially increasing the risk of thrombosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic catheter-associated thrombosis events in children with solid tumors.
  • To identify potential risk factors associated with VT in this pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study enrolled 42 pediatric patients with solid tumors and central venous lines.
  • Evaluations included physical examination, D-dimer serum tests, and eco-color-Doppler ultrasonography before catheter removal.
  • Data were collected over a 10-month period.

Main Results:

  • Venous thrombosis (VT) was detected in 12% (5/42) of the pediatric patients.
  • Catheter-related VT occurred in 4 patients (3 asymptomatic, 1 symptomatic); one patient had non-catheter-related symptomatic VT.
  • Longer central venous catheter duration (P=0.05) and neuroblastoma diagnosis (P<0.05) were associated with a higher VT rate.

Conclusions:

  • Venous thrombosis (VT) is a significant complication in children with solid tumors, detected in 12% of cases via ultrasonography, with 7% being asymptomatic.
  • Neuroblastoma and prolonged catheterization emerged as key risk factors in this cohort.
  • Further prospective, multicentric studies are necessary to definitively establish VT risk factors in pediatric solid tumor patients.