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Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes

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Published on: October 2, 2014

Predicting epileptic seizures with a mental simulation task: a prospective study.

Angela Alessia Bruzzo¹, Benno Gesierich, Guido Rubboli

¹Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, V. Carlo Berti Pichat, 5-40127 Bologna, Italy. angela.bruzzo@libero.it

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B

|April 2, 2008

Summary

Researchers explored forecasting seizure onset in epilepsy using a behavioral task. Changes in task performance in patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy suggest potential for predicting seizures hours in advance.

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Epilepsy Research
Brain-Computer Interfaces

Background:

Epilepsy's unpredictability significantly impacts patient quality of life.
Current methods for seizure prediction are limited.
A novel behavioral task was developed to assess forewarning signs of seizure onset.

Observation:

Four epilepsy patients participated in a longitudinal study.
A specific behavioral task involved mental simulation of biological and nonbiological movements.
Performance variations were observed in relation to the epileptic cycle.

Findings:

Patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy (RTLE) showed altered task performance during the preictal phase.
Timing precision decreased for biological movement simulation and increased for nonbiological movement simulation in RTLE patients before seizures.
Chronic decreases in timing precision during biological movement simulation were noted in two patients.

Implications:

Observed performance changes may reflect brain state alterations hours before seizure onset.
The developed behavioral paradigm shows promise as a simple and accurate method for epileptic seizure prediction.
Further research is needed to validate this approach across different epilepsy types.