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Related Concept Videos

Micelles01:30

Micelles

Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
Size-Exclusion Chromatography01:08

Size-Exclusion Chromatography

In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
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SDS-PAGE01:27

SDS-PAGE

Gel electrophoresis is a method that separates biological macromolecules like nucleic acids or proteins by forcing them to pass through a gel matrix under an electric field.
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Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles
08:44

Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles

Published on: March 2, 2020

Mesophase separation in polyelectrolyte-mixed micelle coacervates.

Paul L Dubin1, Yajuan Li, Werner Jaeger

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA. dubin@chem.umass.edu

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|April 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Mesophase separation occurs in mixed micelles due to temperature and shear. This study reveals how these factors influence domain coexistence and viscosity in polycation/surfactant systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Polycation/anionic-nonionic mixed micelle systems exhibit complex phase behavior.
  • Understanding mesophase separation is crucial for controlling material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate mesophase separation in a poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)/sodium dodecyl sulfate-Triton X-100 system.
  • To elucidate the relationship between temperature, shear, and phase separation.

Main Methods:

  • Turbidity measurements
  • Dynamic light scattering (DLS)
  • Rheology
  • Centrifugation

Main Results:

  • Microscopic heterogeneity observed via DLS, indicating coexisting micelle-rich and micelle-poor domains.
  • Temperature increase led to rising turbidity and changes in diffusion modes, suggesting increased viscosity in dense domains.
  • Shear thinning and shear-induced phase separation were observed at higher temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • A mechanism connecting temperature- and shear-induced mesophase separation is proposed.
  • The study highlights the interplay of temperature and shear in driving phase transitions in mixed micellar systems.