Related Experiment Videos

Systemic onset juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) in a Nigerian boy--a case report

A S Oguntona1, O Adelowo

  • 1Rheumatology Unit, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital Sagamu, Ogun State. Oguntonasa@yahoo.com

Nigerian Journal of Medicine : Journal of the National Association of Resident Doctors of Nigeria
|April 9, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA), also known as Still's disease, requires early diagnosis and management. Prompt referral and appropriate treatment significantly improve outcomes for affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) affects children under 16, with systemic onset known as Still's disease.
  • Underdiagnosis contributes to a lack of literature in certain regions.
  • JCA encompasses several distinct subgroups requiring specific diagnostic approaches.

Observation:

  • A case study involved a patient managed for two years in an adult rheumatology clinic after pediatric care.
  • The patient experienced a significant withdrawal from school and social activities due to the condition.

Findings:

  • Treatment with immunosuppressive agents and low-dose prednisolone yielded a positive response.
  • The patient successfully returned to school and resumed peer interactions.

Implications:

  • Early presentation and appropriate management are crucial for better patient outcomes in JCA.
  • Referral to specialized centers is vital for optimizing the care and prognosis of children with JCA.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Bacterial Meningitis01:24

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...