Biomechanical aspects of low-back pain in the older worker

This paper reviews 92 papers related to the biomechanics of low-back pain and potential risk factors associated with age and heavy manual work. The functional anatomy of the lumbar region is reviewed with special emphasis on tissue changes caused by normal aging. A brief explanation of the biomechanics associated with load lifting, twisting, and bending tasks common to manual work in industry is given. It is argued that certain work conditions may present a special risk to an older individual's low back. The need for further research to test hypothesized risk factors believed to be associated with the older worker is indicated.