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Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

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Stem-cell ecology and stem cells in motion.

Thalia Papayannopoulou1, David T Scadden

  • 1University of Washington, Health Sciences Building, Room K243, Box 357710, Seattle, WA 98195, USA, thalp@u.washington.edu

Blood
|April 10, 2008
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review traces the historical evolution of stem cell ecology and stem cell dynamics over 50 years. It focuses on widely accepted concepts and novel ideas in stem cell research.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cellular Dynamics

Background:

  • Extensive research has been conducted on stem cell ecology and stem cells in motion.
  • Recent reviews have updated progress in these areas.
  • Established paradigms are continuously challenged and validated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical overview of scientific progress in stem cell ecology and stem cells in motion.
  • To highlight major developments over the past 50 years.
  • To focus on widely accepted views and emerging concepts.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of scientific literature.
  • Synthesis of key developments in stem cell research.
  • Emphasis on widely accepted and novel concepts.

Main Results:

  • Significant advancements in understanding stem cell ecology.
  • Progress in the study of stem cells in motion.
  • Identification of challenged, validated, and new paradigms.

Conclusions:

  • The field of stem cell research has evolved significantly over the last 50 years.
  • Historical perspective is crucial for understanding current stem cell concepts.
  • Future research directions are informed by past and emerging stem cell discoveries.