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Use of the Ramsay Assay to Measure Fluid Secretion and Ion Flux Rates in the Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian Tubule
Published on: November 25, 2015
Urinary electrolytes, solutes, and osmolality
1Massachusetts Veterinary Referral Hospital, 20 Cabot Road, Woburn, MA 01801, USA. jwaldrop@intownvet.com
Abstract:
Urine chemical analysis can extend "beyond the dipstick" with an understanding of renal physiology and expected changes in electrolyte and solute handling. Urine electrolytes, such as sodium and chloride, can be helpful in discerning prerenal azotemia from acute renal tubular damage, which occur secondary to nephrotoxins or ischemia. Urine osmolality also is essential in determining appropriate antidiuretic hormone action and renal water handling. Urine solutes, such as albumin and brush border enzymes, may be more sensitive than plasma markers for early renal dysfunction. This article reviews these topics and the use of "extended" urine indices in veterinary medicine.
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