Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 24, 2026

Separation of Aldehydes and Reactive Ketones from Mixtures Using a Bisulfite Extraction Protocol
Published on: April 2, 2018
Undivided Parallel Paired Electrolyzed Chemoselective Cathodic Reduction of α-Keto Amides and Anodic Oxidative
Gunturu Sai Kumar1, Nalladhambi Neerathilingam1, Govindasamy Sekar1
1Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu600036, India.
Abstract:
A sustainable parallel paired electrolysis methodology has been developed to synthesize α-hydroxy amides via hydride-free reduction of α-keto amides at the cathode and the esterification of aldehydes at the anode. Interestingly, any substitution at the α-keto amide not only affects the yield of the reduction process but also influences the oxidation process due to potential alignment. Radical-quenching experiments suggest a radical reaction pathway. The formation of an acyl radical is crucial to suppress the formation of the hemiketal intermediate.
More Related Videos
06:31Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
Published on: November 27, 2015
10:27Simultaneous Multi-surface Anodizations and Stair-like Reverse Biases Detachment of Anodic Aluminum Oxides in Sulfuric and Oxalic Acid Electrolyte
Published on: October 5, 2017
Related Concept Videos
Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction
Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
α-Hydroxy Ketones via Reductive Coupling of Esters: Acyloin Condensation Overview
Esters to Alcohols: Hydride Reductions
Lithium aluminum hydride is a source of hydride ions and functions as a nucleophile. The mechanism proceeds in three steps. Firstly, the nucleophilic hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Subsequently, the carbonyl group re-forms,...
Protecting Groups for Aldehydes and Ketones: Introduction
Aldol Condensation with β-Diesters: Knoevenagel Condensation
Acid-Catalyzed α-Halogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones
In the first step of the mechanism, the acid protonates the carbonyl oxygen resulting in a resonance-stabilized cation, which subsequently loses an α-hydrogen to form an enol tautomer. The C=C bond in an enol is highly nucleophilic because of the electron-donating nature of the –OH group. Consequently, the double bond attacks an electrophilic halogen to form a...