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Related Concept Videos

Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
Forced Transdifferentiation01:28

Forced Transdifferentiation

Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial transdifferentiation occurs...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Osteoclast Progenitors from Mice
08:07

Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Osteoclast Progenitors from Mice

Published on: January 6, 2018

Osteoblastic cells: differentiation and trans-differentiation.

Moustapha Kassem1, Basem M Abdallah, Hamid Saeed

  • 1Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & Medical Biotechnology Centre, University of Southern Denmark. mkassem@health.sdu.dk

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
|April 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Understanding how mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) become bone-forming osteoblasts is key for bone health. This research explores the mechanisms of osteoblast differentiation for potential new bone formation therapies.

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Osteoclast Progenitors from Mice
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Application of Retinoic Acid to Obtain Osteocytes Cultures from Primary Mouse Osteoblasts
07:13

Application of Retinoic Acid to Obtain Osteocytes Cultures from Primary Mouse Osteoblasts

Published on: May 13, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology
  • Stem cell differentiation
  • Cellular mechanisms

Background:

  • Osteoblasts are crucial bone-forming cells originating from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
  • MSCs possess multi-lineage potential, differentiating into cell types like osteoblasts and adipocytes.
  • Understanding osteoblast differentiation is vital for bone maintenance and therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving osteoblast differentiation from MSCs.
  • To identify potential pharmacological targets for enhancing bone formation.

Main Methods:

  • This study focuses on the fundamental biological processes of cell differentiation.
  • Investigated the transition of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts.

Main Results:

  • The study details the cellular pathways involved in MSCs differentiating into osteoblasts.
  • Identified key factors influencing osteoblastogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Deciphering osteoblast differentiation mechanisms offers insights into bone biology.
  • This knowledge can lead to novel therapeutic strategies for increasing bone formation.