Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2026
10:03
Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice
Published on: November 18, 2022
Immunotherapies in diabetes
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0275, USA.
Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|September 1, 1996
Summary
Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) has serious complications. Immunotherapies targeting autoimmune triggers show promise in preventing beta cell destruction, offering hope for at-risk individuals.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Autoimmunity
Background:
- Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
- Current insulin replacement therapies manage symptoms but do not prevent disease progression or complications.
- The autoimmune process in IDD has a prolonged prodromal phase, presenting therapeutic intervention windows.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and proposed immunotherapies for IDD.
- To explore interventions targeting the autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
- To assess the potential of immunotherapy in preventing IDD onset.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical studies, particularly in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse models.
- Analysis of both nonspecific and autoantigen-specific immunotherapy strategies.
- Evaluation of experimental immunotherapies for their protective effects.
Main Results:
- Immunotherapies have demonstrated protective effects in animal models of IDD.
- Both nonspecific and antigen-specific approaches are being investigated.
- No immunotherapies have yet proven effective in human clinical trials.
Conclusions:
- The prodromal autoimmune period in IDD offers opportunities for intervention.
- Experimental immunotherapies show potential for preventing IDD in preclinical models.
- Further research is needed to translate these findings into effective human treatments.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
01:26Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
01:19Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
01:15Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...