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Related Concept Videos

Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
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Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring
06:29

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring

Published on: May 2, 2025

Rare venous connection causing severe hypoxia after Fontan operation.

Yasunobu Hayabuchi1, Miki Inoue, Shoji Kagami

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Tokushima, Kuramoto-cho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan. hayabuchi@clin.med.tokushima-u.ac.jp

Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
|April 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A rare heart defect caused cyanosis after the Fontan operation. This azygos venous to pulmonary venous connection led to desaturation, a complication not previously reported.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring
06:29

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • The Fontan operation is a palliative procedure for complex single-ventricle congenital heart defects.
  • Postoperative cyanosis can occur due to various factors, including residual shunting.
  • Anomalous pulmonary venous connections are uncommon but can complicate cardiac surgeries.

Observation:

  • A rare case of cyanosis was observed in a patient post-Fontan operation.
  • The cyanosis was attributed to a right-to-left shunt at the venous level.
  • A previously unreported vascular malformation, an azygos venous to pulmonary venous connection, was identified.

Findings:

  • This case represents the first report of an azygos vein to pulmonary vein connection causing desaturation after a Fontan procedure.
  • Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connections to the azygos vein have been documented, but not this specific retrograde connection.
  • Multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) proved effective in visualizing this complex vascular anomaly.

Implications:

  • This finding expands the understanding of potential complications following the Fontan operation.
  • Accurate diagnosis of such venous anomalies is crucial for managing postoperative desaturation.
  • MDCT imaging is vital for identifying and characterizing rare vascular malformations in complex congenital heart disease.