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Updated: Jul 6, 2026
Development of Compendium for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: April 12, 2024
Multivariate analysis of the pathologic features of esophageal squamous cell cancer: tumor budding is a significant
Masahiko Koike1, Yasuhiro Kodera, Yuichi Itoh
1Department of Surgery II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan. dockoike@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Background:
Tumor budding has been suggested to be a prognostic factor in various cancers but has never been studied in esophageal cancer.
Methods:
In this study, the microscopic finding of tumor budding in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was correlated with outcome after esophagectomy. One hundred and thirty-six patients undergoing a curative esophagectomy were assigned to either a frequent (n = 82) or rare (n = 54) group according to the microscopically observed frequency of tumor budding in the tumor.
Results:
The 5-year survival rates after esophagectomy were 35.4% for the frequent group and 81.3% for the rare group. Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model by a stepwise method identified this morphological variable as a significant independent prognostic factor.
Conclusions:
Tumor budding in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma reflects the biological activity of the tumor and may be a useful prognostic indicator.
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