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Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty.

Allen W Burton¹, Basem Hamid

¹Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Boulevard, 409, Houston, TX 77030, USA. awburton@mdanderson.org

Current Pain and Headache Reports

|April 18, 2008

Summary

Percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty offer effective pain relief for vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) caused by osteoporosis or malignancy. These minimally invasive procedures have low risks when patients are carefully selected and technique is precise.

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Area of Science:

Interventional Radiology
Orthopedic Surgery
Pain Management

Background:

Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) often result in significant pain.
Osteoporosis, malignancy, and hemangiomas are common causes of painful VCFs.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the indications, efficacy, and risks of percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty.
To assess the risk-to-benefit ratio of these VCF treatments.

Main Methods:

Percutaneous vertebroplasty involves injecting bone cement into a VCF.
Percutaneous kyphoplasty uses balloons to create a cavity before cement injection.
Procedures are typically performed percutaneously on an outpatient or short-stay basis.

Main Results:

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Evidence supports the efficacy of these procedures for pain associated with VCFs.
Indications include painful VCFs from osteoporosis, malignancy, and hemangiomas.
Potential efficacy exists for vertebral metastasis and traumatic fractures.

Conclusions:

Percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are generally safe and effective for painful VCFs.
Serious complications are rare with appropriate patient selection and technique.
The risk-to-benefit ratio is highly favorable for indicated patients.