Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2026

A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene
Published on: April 1, 2019
TIRAP (MAL) S180L polymorphism is a common protective factor against developing tuberculosis and systemic lupus
John Castiblanco1, Diana-Cristina Varela, Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez
1Cellular Biology and Immunogenetics Unit, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Medellín, Colombia.
Background And Aim:
The involvement of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated pathways in infectious and autoimmunity has been suggested. The MyD88 adaptor-like (Mal) protein, also known as the TIR domain-containing adaptor protein (TIRAP), is implicated in the TLR2- and TLR4-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the functional TIRAP (MAL) S180L polymorphism on tuberculosis (TB) and four autoimmune diseases namely: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).
Methods:
This was a case-control and family based association study in which 1325 individuals from a well-defined Colombian population were involved. TIRAP (MAL) S180L genotyping was done by using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique and by direct sequencing.
Results:
Leu180 allele was found to be a protective factor against developing TB (odd ratio (OR): 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29-0.97) and SLE (OR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.14-0.61) while no significant influence on RA, pSS and T1D was observed.
Conclusion:
These results support the influence of TIRAP (MAL) S180L polymorphism on TB and indicate that TB and SLE might share a common immunogenetic pathway in the innate immune response.
Related Concept Videos
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
