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Axon repulsion during peripheral nerve segmentation.

R J Keynes1, K F Jaques, G M Cook

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Cambridge, UK.

Development (Cambridge, England). Supplement
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
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Axon guidance during development involves repulsion. Researchers identified a specific glycoconjugate system in chick embryos that collapses growth cones, guiding sensory and motor axons. Carbohydrate residues are key to this repulsive mechanism.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Axon guidance is crucial for embryonic development, involving both attractive and repulsive cues.
  • Motor and sensory axons navigate the somite mesoderm during spinal nerve segmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the role and mechanism of repulsive interactions in the segmental outgrowth of motor and sensory axons.
  • To investigate the molecular nature of the repulsive cue responsible for axon confinement.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro collapse assay using dorsal root ganglion growth cones.
  • Enzymatic cleavage of a specific glycoconjugate system with endo- and exoglycosidases.
  • Detection of similar repulsive activity in adult grey matter.

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Main Results:

  • A glycoconjugate system in the posterior somite mesoderm causes collapse of growth cones.
  • Enzymatic digestion of this system abolishes collapse activity, indicating carbohydrate involvement.
  • Similar repulsive activity is found in adult grey matter.

Conclusions:

  • Carbohydrate residues mediate growth cone collapse, playing a role in axon repulsion.
  • This repulsive mechanism contributes to the segmental organization of axons during development.
  • Repulsive cues may also function in the adult nervous system beyond development.