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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...

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In vitro Assessment of Myocardial Protection following Hypothermia-Preconditioning in a Human Cardiac Myocytes Model
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Published on: October 27, 2020

Thyroid hormone and myocardial ischaemia.

Constantinos Pantos1, Iordanis Mourouzis, Christodoulos Xinaris

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Avenue, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece. cpantos@cc.uoa.gr

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|April 24, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid hormone impacts cardiovascular health, particularly in myocardial ischemia and cardiac remodeling after heart attack. New research suggests thyroid hormone analogs may offer novel treatments for ischemic heart disease.

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08:22

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Published on: October 27, 2020

A Modified Simple Method for Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Mice
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A Modified Simple Method for Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Mice

Published on: December 3, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiac Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormone is known to influence cardiac contractility, heart rhythm, and vascular function.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of thyroid hormone in myocardial response to ischemic stress.
  • Thyroid hormone is implicated in cardiac remodeling processes following myocardial infarction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of thyroid hormone's role in myocardial ischemia.
  • To explore thyroid hormone's involvement in cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic applications of thyroid hormone in cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on thyroid hormone and cardiovascular health.
  • Analysis of studies investigating thyroid hormone's effects on ischemic myocardium.
  • Examination of evidence linking thyroid hormone to cardiac remodeling mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Thyroid hormone plays a significant role in the heart's response to ischemic injury.
  • Thyroid hormone influences the complex processes of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction.
  • Underlying mechanisms involve intricate molecular and cellular pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid hormone is a key factor in managing myocardial ischemia and cardiac remodeling.
  • Thyroid hormone analogs show promise as potential therapeutic agents.
  • Further research into thyroid hormone-based therapies could advance ischemic heart disease treatment.