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Related Concept Videos

Asepsis01:28

Asepsis

The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

Sepsis: time to reconsider the concept.

Jean Carlet1, Jonathan Cohen, Thierry Calandra

  • 1Intensive Care Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France. j.carlet@has-saute.fr

Critical Care Medicine
|April 24, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Designing clinical trials for severe infections, including sepsis, requires a new approach. Future studies should focus on precise infectious diseases and specific inflammatory mediators to improve drug development.

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Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure
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Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure

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A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure
11:53

Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure

Published on: May 7, 2011

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Clinical trial design

Background:

  • The current concept of sepsis has limitations for clinical trial design.
  • Heterogeneity in patient populations and infection types has hindered the demonstration of efficacy for new compounds in sepsis trials over the past two decades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the challenges of using the sepsis concept in clinical trials.
  • To propose novel strategies for designing future clinical trials for severe infections.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of recent literature on severe sepsis and septic shock.
  • Challenging the established sepsis concept and proposing new trial design frameworks.
  • Suggesting systematic assessment of targeted inflammatory mediators.
  • Advocating for the selection of more homogeneous patient populations based on precise infectious diseases.

Main Results:

  • The broad sepsis concept, while useful for clinical suspicion, has proven inadequate for demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials.
  • The heterogeneity of patients and infections in past trials has obscured the true effects of interventions.

Conclusions:

  • A significant shift in the design of clinical trials for severe infections is necessary.
  • Future trials should adopt a more precise approach, focusing on specific pathogens and host responses.
  • This refined methodology is expected to improve the success rate of developing new treatments for severe infections.