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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in the mouse.

Yi-Chi M Kong1

  • 1Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.

Current Protocols in Immunology
|April 25, 2008
PubMed
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Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) in mice, a model for Hashimoto's thyroiditis, can be induced using thyroglobulin. Protocols detail EAT induction, evaluation, and tolerance induction, offering insights into autoimmune thyroid disease mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) in mice serves as a key model for human Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).
  • Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a primary autoantigen in both mouse and human thyroiditis, with identified thyroiditogenic epitopes.
  • Understanding EAT mechanisms is crucial for developing therapies for autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe standardized protocols for the induction and evaluation of EAT in mice.
  • To present methods for assessing immune responses, including antibody production and T cell proliferation.
  • To outline strategies for inducing tolerance and investigating the role of regulatory T cells in EAT.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of EAT using thyroglobulin with adjuvants like lipopolysaccharide or complete Freund's adjuvant.

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  • Evaluation of EAT through thyroid histology, in vitro T cell proliferation assays, and ELISA for anti-thyroglobulin antibodies.
  • Adoptive transfer of EAT-inducing cells and induction of tolerance using deaggregated thyroglobulin.

    • Main Results:

    • Established protocols enable reliable induction and assessment of EAT in a murine model.
    • Methods allow for the examination of antigenicity of thyroglobulin peptides and the role of T cells.
    • Demonstrated successful induction of tolerance to EAT, highlighting the potential of deaggregated thyroglobulin and regulatory T cells.

    Conclusions:

    • The described protocols provide a comprehensive framework for studying EAT and its underlying mechanisms.
    • These methods facilitate the investigation of autoimmune thyroiditis pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic strategies.
    • The study highlights the potential of tolerance induction for managing autoimmune thyroid diseases like Hashimoto's thyroiditis.