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Whole Mount Immunofluorescent Staining of the Neonatal Mouse Retina to Investigate Angiogenesis In vivo
08:47

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Published on: July 9, 2013

Vascular precursors in developing human retina.

Takuya Hasegawa1, D Scott McLeod, Tarl Prow

  • 1Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|April 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human retinal angioblasts differentiate and migrate guided by stroma-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and stem cell factor (SCF). These growth factors are crucial for forming the eye's primordial vasculature during fetal development.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Angioblasts in the human embryonic retina form the primordial vasculature.
  • Understanding angioblast development is key to retinal vascularization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To further characterize retinal angioblasts.
  • To identify ligands controlling angioblast migration and differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry used to localize SDF-1, CXCR4, SCF, and c-Kit in human embryonic and fetal retinas (6-23 weeks gestation).
  • Confocal microscopy assessed coexpression of CD39 with CXCR4 or c-Kit.

Main Results:

  • SDF-1 and SCF were prominent in the inner retina, increasing significantly between 7-12 weeks gestation and declining by 22 weeks.
  • CXCR4(+) and c-Kit(+) precursors, some CD39(+), were present in the inner retina (7-12 weeks).
  • c-Kit downregulated with migration; CXCR4 downregulated with canalization.

Conclusions:

  • A pool of CXCR4(+) and c-Kit(+) retinal precursors expands during fetal development.
  • Angioblasts emerge from this pool, migrating anteriorly towards highest SDF-1 and SCF levels.
  • SCF and SDF-1 regulate retinal precursor differentiation into angioblasts and guide their migration for vessel assembly.