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[Genetic study in twins].

V Daher¹, R Youlton, J Nazer

¹Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Clínico José Joaquín Aguirre, Universidad de Chile.

Revista Chilena De Pediatria

|January 1, 1991

Summary

This study suggests a genetic factor influences twinning rates. Researchers found specific blood group variations in twins, indicating a potential genetic predisposition for both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.

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Area of Science:

Human Genetics
Reproductive Biology
Population Genetics

Background:

Twinning is influenced by various factors, including genetics and maternal age.
Previous studies suggest a genetic component to twinning, but specific determinants remain unclear.
Understanding the genetic basis of twinning can provide insights into reproductive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate potential genetic or other factors favoring twinning.
To analyze blood group systems in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.
To compare genetic markers in twins with the general population.

Main Methods:

Studied 35 twin pairs born between June 1987 and January 1988.
Utilized five blood group systems (ABO, Rh, MNSs, Duffy, Kidd) to determine zygosity.
Applied the Smith and Penrose method for zygosity determination.
Analyzed maternal age and family history of twinning.

Main Results:

Maternal age was significantly higher in dizygotic (DZ) twins (30.1 yrs) compared to monozygotic (MZ) twins (26.8 yrs).
Family history of twinning was prevalent in both MZ (73%) and DZ (82%) groups.
The Duffy and Kidd blood group systems showed a deficit of heterozygotes in both MZ and DZ twins.
A significant increase in MS and Ms haplotypes was observed in twins compared to the general Chilean population.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest a genetic determinant favoring both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twinning.
Specific blood group haplotype frequencies indicate a potential genetic influence on twinning.
Further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm this genetic hypothesis.

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