[Diet therapy for diabetes and obesity, considering osteoporosis]

The main concept of diet therapy for diabetes and obesity is restricting calorie intake. However, the risk of osteoporosis increases when losing weight. Therefore, when using this diet, one must consider the prevention of osteoporosis. That means taking more calcium while also restricting the total amount of calories and cutting down on fat and carbohydrates. Even if the total energy is the same, calcium intake will vary when only consulting a food exchange list. Table 3, 4, and 6 display foods containing a lot of calcium, but even between table 3 and 6 there are foods with high calcium and foods with low calcium. A specially designed menu makes calorie reduction possible while taking enough calcium. The Japanese average daily calcium intake is 545 for men and 521 mg for women, which is still short of the recommended level of 600 to 700 mg, so taking a supplement while on the diet might be considered.