[A new view of malaria provided by parasite imaging]

Infection by Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, starts when the parasite, injected by a mosquito vector, reaches and invades the liver, where it transforms into a stage that is capable of infecting erythrocytes and that causes the symptoms and complications of the disease. This phase of the infection, called pre-erythrocytic stage, is the most elusive of the parasite's life cycle, yet it was identified more than fifty years ago as a primary target of vaccine strategies aimed at avoiding erythrocyte infection. Recently in vivo imaging in a rodent model revealed that the pre-erythrocytic phase is unexpectedly complex. In particular, it includes a component of lymphatic infection, thus altering our representation of how an immune response can be mounted against these parasite stages.