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Published on: July 8, 2025
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis due to tetrazepam
E Thomas1, T Bellón, P Barranco
1Allergy Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract:
Tetrazepam is a benzodiazepine that is widely used in Spain as a muscle relaxant, with occasional cutaneous side effects. We report a patient who developed a generalized pruriginous cutaneous reaction compatible with acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) due to tetrazepam. Patch tests with bromazepam, diazepam, and tetrazepam were negative at 48 and 72 hours; however, the tetrazepam patch showed a positive reaction at 10 days. Immunohistochemical studies revealed a mononuclear infiltrate composed of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Analysis of interleukin (IL) 8 expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed increased IL-8 mRNA levels in patch test-positive skin. Lymphoblast transformation test (LTT) was positive with tetrazepam but not with diazepam. Positive patch test and LTT suggested that tetrazepam-specific lymphocytes might be responsible for a T cell-mediated reaction. These results support previous data suggesting an important role for IL-8 and drug-specific T cells in the pathogenesis ofAGEP and imply that the reaction was specific to tetrazepam with no cross-reactivity to other benzodiazepines.
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