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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Fluorescence-microscopy Screening and Next-generation Sequencing: Useful Tools for the Identification of Genes Involved in Organelle Integrity

Fluorescence-microscopy Screening and Next-generation Sequencing: Useful Tools for the Identification of Genes Involved in Organelle Integrity

Published on: April 13, 2012

Microarray probe mapping and annotation in cross-species comparative toxicogenomics.

John N Calley¹, William B Mattes, Timothy P Ryan

¹Department of Integrative Biology, Eli Lilly and Company, Greenfield, Indiana, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|May 2, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Genomics tools can compare species' molecular responses. Mapping genes between species using orthology resources enables cross-species comparisons for drug response studies.

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Published on: January 30, 2017

Area of Science:

Comparative genomics
Toxicogenomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Genomics-based tools like microarrays show potential for cross-species comparisons of molecular responses.
Accurate cross-species analysis requires mapping molecular endpoints (genes, proteins, mRNAs) between species.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe and evaluate methods for mapping molecular endpoints between species for comparative toxicogenomics.
To present a sequential approach utilizing orthology resources for cross-species gene mapping.

Main Methods:

A sequential "Genome To Genome Through Orthology" method was developed.
Step 1: Map probe sequences to full-length sequences and orthologs in a second species.
Step 2: Map probe sequences to best-matching transcripts, then to native loci and orthologs in the second species.

Main Results:

The described method successfully mapped canine liver transcriptional responses to phenobarbital with rat liver responses.
This approach facilitates the comparison of gene expression data across different species.

Conclusions:

The developed sequential orthology-based method is effective for cross-species gene mapping in toxicogenomics.
This approach enhances the utility of genomics tools for comparative molecular response evaluations.