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A Protocol for Collecting and Constructing Soil Core Lysimeters
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Evaluating aeration techniques for decreasing phosphorus export from grasslands receiving manure.

David M Butler1, Dorcas H Franklin, Miguel L Cabrera

  • 1Univ. of Georgia, Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, 3111 Miller Plant Sciences Bldg., Athens, GA 30602, USA.

Journal of Environmental Quality
|May 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Mechanical aeration, particularly core aeration, significantly reduces phosphorus (P) runoff from grasslands treated with broiler litter. This method enhances water infiltration and P binding, improving surface water quality.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Agricultural Engineering

Background:

  • Surface-applied manures increase phosphorus (P) runoff, impacting water quality.
  • Mechanical aeration aims to reduce P transport by enhancing soil infiltration and P binding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different mechanical aeration methods in reducing P export from grasslands.
  • To assess the impact of aeration on various forms of phosphorus (P) in runoff, considering different manure types and simulated cattle compaction.

Main Methods:

  • Compared four treatments: core aeration, no-till disk aeration, slit aeration, and a control.
  • Investigated effects on total suspended solids, total Kjeldahl P (TKP), total dissolved P (TDP), dissolved reactive P (DRP), and bioavailable P (BAP).
  • Used plots on Cecil soil with fescue-bermudagrass, applied broiler litter or dairy slurry, and simulated rainfall and compaction.

Main Results:

  • Core aeration significantly reduced TKP (55%), TDP (62%), DRP (61%), total BAP (54%), and dissolved BAP (57%) with broiler litter application compared to the control.
  • Core and no-till disk aeration showed potential in reducing P export from dairy slurry application.
  • Aeration impacts varied before and after simulated compaction.

Conclusions:

  • Core aeration is a promising technique for reducing phosphorus (P) losses in runoff from grasslands, especially those treated with broiler litter.
  • This practice could significantly improve surface water quality in regions like the Southern Piedmont where Cecil soil is prevalent.