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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.7K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

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The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
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Electric Field at the Surface of a Conductor01:26

Electric Field at the Surface of a Conductor

5.2K
Consider a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium. The net electric field inside a conductor vanishes, and extra charges on the conductor reside on its outer surface, regardless of where they originate.
In the 19th century, Michael Faraday conducted the famous ice pail experiment to prove that the charges always reside on the surface of a conductor. The experimental set-up consists of a conducting uncharged container mounted on an insulating stand. The outer surface of the container is...
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Superconductivity in topological Ψ-graphene.

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Introducing pentagonal and heptagonal rings into graphene creates a novel material, Ψ-graphene. This structure exhibits strong electron-phonon coupling, theoretically enabling intrinsic superconductivity with a transition temperature of 22 K.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Theoretical Chemistry

Background:

  • Graphene's typical Dirac cones lead to absent electronic density at the Fermi energy, preventing intrinsic superconductivity.
  • Introducing pentagonal and heptagonal rings into graphene's hexagonal structure breaks symmetry and modifies electronic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the theoretical superconducting properties of a novel graphene allotrope, Ψ-graphene.
  • To explore the impact of structural modifications on graphene's electronic and superconducting behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical calculations of electronic band structure and phonon modes.
  • Computation of the Eliashberg function to evaluate electron-phonon coupling.
  • Analysis of structural stability and adsorption properties of NO molecules on Ψ-graphene.

Main Results:

  • The metastable Ψ-graphene monolayer forms type-II Dirac cones, shifting Fermi surfaces.
  • Strong electron-phonon coupling was predicted, with a calculated superconducting transition temperature of 22 K.
  • The Ψ-graphene-NO adsorption system demonstrated good dynamic stability.

Conclusions:

  • The modified graphene structure, Ψ-graphene, shows potential for intrinsic superconductivity.
  • Topological graphene allotropes warrant further investigation for their superconducting applications.
  • Theoretical predictions suggest a pathway towards designing novel superconducting materials.