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Twin-Screw Extrusion Process to Produce Renewable Fiberboards

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Published on: January 27, 2021

A potential new commercial method for processing leather to reduce environmental impact.

Saravana Bhavan¹, J Raghava Rao, Balachandran Unni Nair

¹Central Leather Research Institute, Chemical Laboratory, Sardar Patel Road, Adyar, 600020 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International

|May 8, 2008

Summary

This study introduces a cleaner biochemical approach for leather processing, significantly reducing environmental pollutants like chemical oxygen demand (COD) and eliminating lime sludge. The eco-friendly method ensures leather quality and commercial viability.

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Area of Science:

Biochemical Engineering
Environmental Science
Materials Science

Background:

Traditional leather processing uses lime and sulfide, causing significant environmental pollution.
These methods contribute heavily to tannery wastewater's biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand (COD).
The conventional process also generates hazardous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an environmentally friendly biochemical method for leather dehairing and fiber opening.
To reduce the environmental impact of the leather industry.
To offer a cleaner alternative to conventional chemical treatments.

Main Methods:

Utilized a biochemical approach employing proteolytic enzymes.
Incorporated sodium metasilicate in the dehairing and fiber opening process.
Focused on replacing traditional lime and sulfide treatments.

Main Results:

Achieved a 55% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD).
Reduced total solid loads by 25%.
Completely eliminated the generation of lime sludge.

Conclusions:

The biochemical process significantly lowers environmental impact parameters.
Functional properties of leather processed using this method are comparable to conventional leathers.
The developed process is deemed commercially viable and environmentally sustainable.