Cerebral perfusion CT: technique and clinical applications

Area of Science:

• Neuroradiology
• Medical Imaging
• Cerebrovascular Imaging

Background:

• Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) enables quantitative assessment of cerebral perfusion parameters.
• Advancements in multidetector-row CT scanners have facilitated the clinical adoption of PCT.
• PCT provides critical data on cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT).

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of Perfusion computed tomography (PCT).
• To detail the technique, clinical applications, and limitations of PCT.
• To discuss the role of PCT in cerebrovascular disease management.

Main Methods:

• Utilizes rapid, large-coverage multidetector-row CT scanners.
• Generates quantitative maps of CBF, CBV, and MTT.
• Involves acetazolamide challenges for cerebrovascular reserve assessment.

Main Results:

• PCT is crucial for diagnosing cerebral ischemia and infarction.
• It aids in evaluating vasospasm post-subarachnoid hemorrhage.
• PCT assists in assessing patients for bypass surgery and endovascular treatment.
• Applications extend to head trauma and intracranial neoplasms.

Conclusions:

• PCT is a valuable tool for noninvasive, quantitative evaluation of cerebral perfusion.
• Despite some controversies regarding accuracy and reproducibility, PCT has significant clinical applications.
• Further research may address current limitations and enhance the utility of PCT in cerebrovascular diagnostics and management.