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Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction

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Oral drug delivery is the most common route of administration due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and high patient compliance. It enables precise formulation to ensure proper drug dosage and bioavailability. The development of oral dosage forms considers drug properties such as solubility, stability, and absorption to optimize therapeutic efficacy.Tablets, capsules, liquids, and chewable formulations enhance drug stability, mask undesirable tastes, and improve patient experience.

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Changes in polymorphic forms can significantly influence the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Although the FDA defines pharmaceutical equivalence based on having the same active ingredient, dosage form, and route of administration, it does not automatically disqualify products with different polymorphic forms. This means two products with different polymorphs can still be deemed pharmaceutically equivalent. However, polymorphic differences can affect properties like wettability,...

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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...

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Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...

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Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...

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Dry coating, a novel coating technology for solid pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Yanfeng Luo¹, Jesse Zhu, Yingliang Ma

¹Department of Bioengineering, Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China. yfluo@cqu.edu.cn

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

|May 10, 2008

Summary

Dry coating technology offers an eco-friendly alternative for pharmaceutical solid dosage forms, eliminating solvents and reducing costs. Various dry coating methods are reviewed for their principles, benefits, and commercial viability.

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Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Technology
Materials Science
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Conventional liquid coating of pharmaceutical dosage forms presents environmental and economic challenges due to solvent use.
Dry coating technology adapts powder coating principles from metal finishing for pharmaceutical applications.
Solvent-free dry coating methods aim to mitigate issues like air pollution, high energy consumption, and operational costs.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the fundamental principles of various dry coating technologies for solid pharmaceutical dosage forms.
To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different dry coating methods.
To assess the commercialization potential of solvent-free dry coating technologies.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on dry coating technologies.
Analysis of fundamental principles including plasticizer-dry-coating, electrostatic-dry-coating, heat-dry-coating, and plasticizer-electrostatic-heat-dry-coating.
Evaluation of process parameters, outcomes, and economic factors.

Main Results:

Dry coating eliminates solvent-related disadvantages of liquid coating, such as pollution and high costs.
Multiple dry coating techniques offer distinct advantages for specific applications.
The reviewed technologies demonstrate significant potential for commercial adoption in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Conclusions:

Dry coating represents a sustainable and cost-effective approach for pharmaceutical solid dosage form coating.
Further development and optimization of specific dry coating technologies can enhance their industrial applicability.
The shift towards solvent-free coating methods is crucial for environmental and economic benefits in the pharmaceutical industry.