Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
Published on: July 22, 2012
Norovirus genotype IIb associated acute gastroenteritis in India
Preeti Chhabra1, Shobha D Chitambar
1Rotavirus Department, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
Background:
In India the role of noroviruses in causing gastroenteritis is not well defined.
Objective:
To determine the norovirus prevalence in sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis in western India.
Study Design:
A total of 236 fecal specimens consisting 192 specimens from hospitalized and 44 from OPD (outpatient department) children < or = 5 years of age were tested for the presence of norovirus genogroup (G)I and GII by RT-PCR followed by sequencing. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis were carried out to determine the norovirus genetic types.
Results:
Norovirus GII infection was detected in 11.9% (28/236) specimens. These included 24 of 192 (12.5%) specimens from hospitalized and 4 of 44 (9.0%) specimens from OPD cases. Nucleotide sequence based analysis of norovirus GII strains indicated circulation of GIIb strains at a significant level in hospitalized (12.5%) and OPD (75%) children.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrates the predominance of GII/4 (genogroup II/genotype 4) along with co-circulation of GII/1, GII/2, GII/3 and GIIb revealing the possibility of norovirus as the second most common cause of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis after rotavirus in western India. It also documents for the first time occurrence of norovirus GIIb infections in India.
Related Concept Videos
Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction
Poliomyelitis
Arboviral Encephalitis
Cholera
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
