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Torque removal force for osseointegrated implants--two experimental studies.

J F Lownie1, P A Betts, R S Bryant

  • 1Division of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

South African Journal of Surgery. Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Chirurgie
|May 13, 2008
PubMed
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A rabbit model effectively tested titanium implant torque removal force (TRF). Machined implants were equivalent, while surface-enhanced and tapered designs showed significantly higher TRF.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Preclinical Testing

Background:

  • Assessing the stability and osseointegration of dental and orthopedic implants is crucial for clinical success.
  • Torque removal force (TRF) is a key metric for evaluating implant stability.
  • A standardized animal model is needed for reproducible TRF testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and validate a rabbit model for measuring the torque removal force (TRF) of titanium implants.
  • To compare the TRF of various South African-manufactured titanium implants against a benchmark.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using rabbits to measure TRF at different time points (1, 3, 6 months and 3, 6 weeks).
  • Implants tested included Swedish and South African machined-surface types, as well as surface-enhanced (SLA, RI) and tapered (MTT) designs.

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Main Results:

  • TRF increased significantly over time for machined implants, with no difference between South African and Swedish types.
  • The threaded tapered (MTT) implant demonstrated significantly higher TRF compared to other designs.
  • Surface-enhanced implants generally showed higher TRF than machined implants.

Conclusions:

  • The rabbit model is suitable for evaluating TRF of titanium implants.
  • Machined-surface titanium implants from South Africa and Sweden exhibit comparable stability.
  • Surface-enhanced and particularly tapered implant designs offer superior stability, indicated by higher TRF.