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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
Pneumonia IV: Management01:28

Pneumonia IV: Management

The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

New therapies for sepsis.

Aubrey Cunnington1, Simon Nadel

  • 1Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, St Mary's NHS Trust and Imperial College, London, Praed Street London W2 1NY, UK.

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
|May 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Sepsis treatment focuses on simple interventions like antibiotics and oxygen delivery. While new experimental therapies show promise, demonstrating their efficacy in clinical trials remains a challenge.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Sepsis is a significant cause of mortality with increasing incidence.
  • Despite numerous developed therapies, few demonstrate significant benefit in clinical trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current effective therapies for severe sepsis.
  • To explore emerging experimental treatments and their potential.
  • To highlight challenges in clinical trial efficacy demonstration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical interventions for sepsis.
  • Analysis of experimental therapeutic strategies.
  • Discussion of challenges in clinical trial design and interpretation.

Main Results:

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Use of Animal Model of Sepsis to Evaluate Novel Herbal Therapies
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Use of Animal Model of Sepsis to Evaluate Novel Herbal Therapies

Published on: April 11, 2012

Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure
11:53

Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure

Published on: May 7, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

Use of Animal Model of Sepsis to Evaluate Novel Herbal Therapies
07:34

Use of Animal Model of Sepsis to Evaluate Novel Herbal Therapies

Published on: April 11, 2012

Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure
11:53

Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure

Published on: May 7, 2011

  • Established therapies include antibiotics, goal-directed therapy, hydrocortisone, insulin therapy, and lung-protective ventilation.
  • Activated Protein C is the only adjunctive therapy with strong evidence of benefit.
  • Emerging strategies target inflammation neutralization, signal transduction, immune reconstitution, and statin use.

Conclusions:

  • Current successful sepsis management relies on fundamental clinical interventions.
  • Experimental therapies targeting molecular pathways show promise but require further validation.
  • Overcoming fundamental difficulties in clinical trials is crucial for advancing sepsis treatment.