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Updated: Jul 5, 2026
A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
Published on: January 7, 2018
The IUGR newborn
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, The Childrens Hospital, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Adam.rosenberg@uchsc.edu
Insights
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects fetal growth, leading to acute neonatal issues like respiratory distress and adaptive problems. Preterm infants with IUGR face increased risks of chronic lung disease and other serious complications.
Area of Science:
- Neonatalogy
- Pediatric Growth Disorders
Background:
- Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as fetal growth below normal parameters.
- IUGR presents as symmetrical (early onset) or asymmetrical (late onset) growth patterns.
- Neonatal complications are common in infants born with IUGR.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the acute neonatal consequences of IUGR.
- To discuss adaptive problems in neonates with IUGR.
- To examine specific issues in preterm infants with IUGR.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of neonatal adaptive problems in IUGR.
- Analysis of complications in preterm IUGR infants.
- Synthesis of current understanding of IUGR sequelae.
Main Results:
- Neonatal adaptive problems include respiratory distress, metabolic, and temperature instability.
- Conditions such as meconium aspiration and polycythemia are associated with IUGR.
- Preterm IUGR infants exhibit higher rates of chronic lung disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy of prematurity.
Conclusions:
- IUGR poses significant risks for neonates, necessitating careful management.
- Adaptive problems and specific complications in preterm infants require focused attention.
- Understanding IUGR's impact is crucial for improving neonatal outcomes.
Abstract:
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is characterized by fetal growth less than normal for the population and growth potential of a given infant. IUGR can be symmetrical with low weight, length and head circumference indicative usually of a process with its origin early in pregnancy or asymmetrical with sparing of head circumference and length due to processes occurring later in gestation. The acute neonatal consequences of IUGR are perinatal asphyxia and neonatal adaptive problems. These adaptive problems that include respiratory distress due to meconium aspiration, persistent pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary hemorrhage, abnormalities of glucose regulation, temperature instability, and polycythemia are reviewed in this article. Issues specific to the IUGR preterm infant are reviewed as well including an increased incidence of chronic lung disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity and postnatal growth failure.
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