Cell therapy in patients with left ventricular dysfunction due to myocardial infarction
Roman Panovsky1, Jaroslav Meluzin, Stanislav Janousek
1First Department of Internal Medicine/Cardioangiology, St. Anna Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. panovsky@fnusa.cz
Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
|May 20, 2008
Summary
Autologous bone marrow cell transplantation did not significantly improve heart function in heart attack patients. While a slight trend towards better ejection fraction was observed, results were not statistically significant at three months.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Regenerative Medicine
- Cell Therapy
Background:
- Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) significantly impacts patient prognosis.
- Autologous mononuclear bone marrow cell transplantation is being investigated as a therapeutic strategy to improve cardiac function post-AMI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of autologous bone marrow cell transplantation on myocardial function in patients with LV dysfunction after AMI.
Main Methods:
- A subanalysis of 47 patients with LV ejection fraction (EF) <= 40% after AMI was conducted.
- Patients were randomized into groups receiving high-dose cells (Group H), low-dose cells (Group L), or no cells (Control Group C).
- Doppler tissue imaging and SPECT were used for assessments before and 3 months after transplantation.
Main Results:
- All groups showed an increase in EF at 3 months, with statistically significant improvements from baseline in Groups H and L, but not Group C.
- No significant differences in EF improvement were observed between the cell-treated groups and the control group.
- A significant decrease in akinetic segments was noted from baseline in Groups H and L, but not Group C, with no significant intergroup differences.
Conclusions:
- Autologous transplantation of mononuclear bone marrow cells did not demonstrate a statistically significant effect on myocardial function in this patient cohort.
- An insignificant trend towards improved global LV EF was observed at the 3-month follow-up.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
01:29Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care
Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
01:22Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
01:14Myocarditis III: Medical Management
Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
01:21Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration
Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
01:26Imbalances in Cardiac Output
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...