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Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus
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Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus

Published on: January 28, 2019

Rotavirus epidemiology: the Asian Rotavirus Surveillance Network.

E A S Nelson1, J S Bresee, U D Parashar

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. tony-nelson@cuhk.edu.hk

Vaccine
|May 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Rotavirus disease burden in Asia is high, with 45% of diarrhea admissions testing positive. More local data on rotavirus vaccine efficacy and cost-effectiveness is needed to accelerate vaccine introduction into national immunization programs.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • New rotavirus vaccines necessitate local disease burden data for informed decision-making.
  • Global health organizations recommend standardized protocols and regional surveillance networks for vaccine introduction.
  • The Asian Rotavirus Surveillance Network (ARSN) was established to gather crucial epidemiological and economic data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the disease burden of rotavirus in Asia.
  • To evaluate the diversity of rotavirus strains circulating in the region.
  • To inform the cost-effectiveness and accelerate the introduction of rotavirus vaccines in National Immunization Programmes (NIPs).

Main Methods:

  • The first phase of the ARSN involved nine countries/regions from 2001-2003.
  • Data collection focused on rotavirus positivity in diarrhea admissions and strain diversity.
  • Subsequent phases included a greater proportion of low-income countries eligible for GAVI funding.

Main Results:

  • Rotavirus accounted for 45% of diarrhea admissions, exceeding initial expectations.
  • Significant diversity in circulating rotavirus strains was observed.
  • Asia lags behind the Americas in rotavirus vaccine adoption into NIPs.

Conclusions:

  • High rotavirus burden and strain diversity in Asia underscore the need for localized data.
  • Further economic evaluations and efficacy data, especially in poorer populations, are crucial.
  • Enhanced regional collaboration and simultaneous global evaluation are key to accelerating vaccine uptake.