Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Scleral ultrastructure in young rhesus monkeys: A stereological approach.

Vision research·2025
Same author

Optic Nerve Head Morphology and Macula Ganglion Cell Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness in Axially Anisometropic Rhesus Monkeys.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2024
Same author

Inner Retinal Microvasculature With Refraction in Juvenile Rhesus Monkeys.

Translational vision science & technology·2024
Same author

Long-term blue light rearing does not affect in vivo retinal function in young rhesus monkeys.

Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology·2023
Same author

Corrigendum: Long-term narrowband lighting influences activity but not intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell-driven pupil responses.

Frontiers in physiology·2023
Same author

Retrospective Analysis of a Clinical Algorithm for Managing Childhood Myopia Progression.

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

In Vivo Methods to Assess Retinal Ganglion Cell and Optic Nerve Function and Structure in Large Animals
12:18

In Vivo Methods to Assess Retinal Ganglion Cell and Optic Nerve Function and Structure in Large Animals

Published on: February 26, 2022

Peripheral refraction in normal infant rhesus monkeys.

Li-Fang Hung1, Ramkumar Ramamirtham, Juan Huang

  • 1College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|May 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral refractive errors in infant monkeys show age-related changes and similarities to humans. Emmetropization occurs across the visual field, suggesting vision-dependent growth control.

More Related Videos

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
07:20

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia

Published on: January 22, 2019

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
05:14

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter

Published on: September 16, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

In Vivo Methods to Assess Retinal Ganglion Cell and Optic Nerve Function and Structure in Large Animals
12:18

In Vivo Methods to Assess Retinal Ganglion Cell and Optic Nerve Function and Structure in Large Animals

Published on: February 26, 2022

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
07:20

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia

Published on: January 22, 2019

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
05:14

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter

Published on: September 16, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Primate research
  • Visual development

Background:

  • Peripheral refractive error is crucial for understanding visual development.
  • Infant primate models offer insights into human visual development.
  • Understanding refractive error patterns in early life is key to preventing vision impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize peripheral refractive errors in infant rhesus monkeys.
  • To investigate the relationship between central and peripheral refractive errors.
  • To examine age-related changes in refractive error patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional and longitudinal study design in 58 and 17 infant rhesus monkeys, respectively.
  • Measurement of horizontal and vertical refractions using retinoscopy at central and eccentric visual field locations (15°, 30°, 45°).
  • Assessment of axial dimensions and corneal power via ultrasonography and keratometry.

Main Results:

  • Radial astigmatism increased with eccentricity symmetrically.
  • Initial nasal-temporal and superior-inferior asymmetries in spherical equivalent refractive errors were observed.
  • Peripheral myopia was noted in nasal and inferior fields, increasing with central hyperopia; these asymmetries resolved with age.

Conclusions:

  • Refractive error varies with eccentricity in infant monkeys, similar to adult humans.
  • Peripheral refraction patterns are influenced by central refractive error.
  • Emmetropization occurred with age, leading to symmetrical refractions across the visual field, potentially due to vision-dependent growth control mechanisms.