Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2026
12:34
The Efficacy and Underlying Pathway Mechanisms of ShiDuGao Treatment for Anus Eczema Based on GEO Datasets and Network Pharmacology
Published on: January 12, 2024
[Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis associated with diltiazem]
Vasco Serrão1, Luísa Caldas Lopes, J M Campos Lopes
1Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital dos Capuchos, Lisboa.
Acta Medica Portuguesa
|May 21, 2008
Summary
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare drug-induced skin reaction. This case highlights diltiazem as a potential cause, confirmed by patch testing, emphasizing AGEP
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction.
- It typically presents with fever and widespread pustules on erythematous skin.
- Drugs are implicated in nearly 90% of AGEP cases, with antibiotics being common culprits.
Observation:
- A 36-year-old female developed AGEP after initiating diltiazem for hypertension.
- The patient presented with fever, edema, and erythematous lesions with sterile pustules.
- Symptoms resolved with oral corticosteroid treatment.
Findings:
- Patch testing confirmed diltiazem as the causative agent for AGEP in this patient.
- This case expands the known spectrum of drugs triggering AGEP.
- Positive patch test reactions are frequently observed in drug-induced AGEP.
Implications:
- AGEP should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute pustular eruptions, especially when accompanied by fever.
- Diltiazem is identified as a potential, albeit uncommon, trigger for AGEP.
- Diagnostic patch testing can be valuable in identifying the specific drug responsible for AGEP.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
01:28Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
01:20Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers
Class IV antiarrhythmic drugs, such as verapamil and diltiazem, block calcium channels. They primarily affect the heart, slowing the conduction in calcium-dependent tissues like the SA and AV nodes. These drugs manage reentrant supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and reduce ventricular rate in atrial flutter/fibrillation.
Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits calcium movement across myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. This results in the dilation of coronary and...
Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits calcium movement across myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. This results in the dilation of coronary and...
01:30Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
01:30Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
01:23Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...