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Related Concept Videos

Oriented Surfaces01:30

Oriented Surfaces

A surface is called orientable if a consistent choice of unit normal vector can be made at every point on the surface. A thin soap film stretched across a wire loop provides a familiar example. The film separates the air on one side from the air on the other, so one side can be selected as positive and the opposite side as negative. Once this choice is made, a unit normal vector can be assigned smoothly across the entire surface.At each point on the soap film, a unit normal vector points...
Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...
Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...
Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow glass...
Contact Angle01:13

Contact Angle

When a solid is dipped inside a liquid, the liquid surface becomes curved near the contact. For some solid–liquid interfaces, the liquid is pulled up along the solid, while for others, the liquid surface is convex or depressed near the solid surface. This phenomenon can be explained using the concept of cohesive and adhesive forces.
The adhesive force is the molecular force between molecules of different materials, that is, between the molecules of the solid and the liquid. The cohesive force...

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Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars
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Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

Anisotropic wetting behavior arising from superhydrophobic surfaces: parallel grooved structure.

Wen Li1, Guoping Fang, Yongfeng Li

  • 1Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Application Technology (Ministry of Education) and Faculty of Materials and Optoelectronic Physics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105 P. R. China.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|May 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Superhydrophobic surfaces show anisotropic wetting. A thermodynamic model reveals groove geometry impacts wetting anisotropy, with composite states exhibiting isotropic behavior, unlike noncomposite states.

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Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications
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Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications

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Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications
11:20

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications

Published on: August 15, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Thermodynamics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Superhydrophobic surfaces are known for anisotropic wetting behavior.
  • Understanding this anisotropy is crucial for designing advanced materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a thermodynamic methodology for investigating anisotropic wetting on parallel grooved superhydrophobic surfaces.
  • To analyze the influence of surface geometry on wetting properties.

Main Methods:

  • A robust thermodynamic model was employed to calculate free energy, energy barriers, contact angles, and contact angle hysteresis.
  • Calculations were performed for various groove orientations in both noncomposite and composite states.

Main Results:

  • Strong anisotropy in equilibrium contact angle (ECA) and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) was observed in the noncomposite state.
  • Composite states exhibited nearly isotropic wetting properties, largely independent of surface geometry.
  • For noncomposite states, ECA anisotropy is amplified by decreasing groove width/spacing or increasing depth. CAH anisotropy is amplified by decreasing groove width and increasing depth.

Conclusions:

  • Surface geometry significantly influences anisotropic wetting in noncomposite superhydrophobic surfaces.
  • Composite states minimize geometric influence, leading to isotropic wetting.
  • A quantitative correlation between wettability and orientation was established, consistent with numerical findings.